SUBJECT
Colloids in environment
lecture + practical
master
2+4
Semester 2
Spring semester
Preliminary knowledges: Basic physical chemistry and thermodynamics, homogeneous , heterogenenous systems, intermolecular interactions, environmental analitical methods and separation techniques.
Course principles: Lectures and laboratory practices cover the fundamentals of colloid science which are required by students of environmental chemistry studying for university degree (MSc).
Brief course summary: Basic principles of colloid stability, preparation and characterization of disperse and cohesive colloid systems are involved. Specific features of macromolecular and micellar colloids, of dispersions with nano-sized particles and also, the interactions relevant in colloid systems are discussed.
Lecture topics: Colloids: definitions, nomenclature, intermolecular and interparticle forces. Macromolecular colloids and gels: the formation and structure of macromolecules, properties of polymer solutions, determination of the molecular mass of macromolecules. Association colloids and self-assembly systems: micellisation, solubilization. Micro(nano)phases: dispersions, emulsions and foams, foaming and antifoaming agents, froth flotation. Preparation of colloidal dispersions: dispersion and condensation methods. Interfaces: surface tension, surface energy, wetting phenomena. Adsorption: adsorption equations. Electrostatic and steric stabilization, flocculation, coagulation, the DLVO theory. Electrokineic phenomena. Optical properties, rheological behaviour of colloidal systems.
Practice topics: Measurement of surface (interfacial) tensions. Adsorption at interfaces: determination of adsorption isotherms. Wetting of solid particles. Stability of colloidal dispersions: determination of critical coagulation concentration. Measurement of of zeta potential. Suspensions: determination of particle size distribution. Emulsions: preparation of emulsions, determination of the type and rheological properties of emulsions. Association colloids: determination of critical micelle formation concentration, solublization in micellar solutions. Macromolecular colloids: determination of the molecular mass of dissolved polymers, measurement of the viscosity of polyelectrolyte solutions.
- Shaw, D.J. Introduction to Colloid and Surface Chemistry, Butterworth-Heinemann, 1992.
- Th. F. Tadros: Surfactants in Agrochemicals, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 1994.
- M.J. Schwuger: Detergents in the Environments, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 1996.
- Hunter, R.J. Foundations of Colloid Science Oxford Univ. Press, 2004.
- Csempesz, F. Experimental Colloid Chemistry Semmelweis Publishers, 2012.